> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://docs.incari.com/incari-studio/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://docs.incari.com/incari-studio/objects-and-types/scene-objects/lights.md).

# Light

**Incari** has three types of **Light Objects**: the **Spot Light**, the **Point Light**, and the **Directional Light**.

The **Point** **Light** is *omnidirectional*, meaning that light is emitted equally in all directions; the **Spot Light** is *directional* and will only light the area that it is rotated towards; and when a **Directional Light** is used, the rays of light are parallel to each other, illuminating as if from a far off distance and lighting objects equally, like the sun. Additionally, **Spot Light** and **Directional Light** support shadow mapping and have an extra set of **Attributes** for that purpose. On the other hand, this is not possible for **Point Light**.

| Attribute        | Spot Light | Point Light | Directional Light |
| ---------------- | ---------- | ----------- | ----------------- |
| `Color`          | ✔          | ✔           | ✔                 |
| `Brightness`     | ✔          | ✔           | ✔                 |
| `Attenuation`    | ✔          | ✔           | ✘                 |
| `Radial Falloff` | ✔          | ✘           | ✘                 |
| `Shadow Mapping` | ✔          | ✘           | ✔                 |

### Color

`Color` determines the color of the light being emitted.

Please note that the `Color` **Attribute's** *brightness* level will affect the *brightness* of the light itself. It is recommended that you always have the brightness level set to 1 and use the actual `Brightness` **Attribute** to alter the intensity of the light.

### Brightness

`Brightness` governs the intensity of the light, with lower values giving less intense light emission and vice versa.

![](/files/OjdDZpvCtNp6K9ie4LM6)

### Attenuation

`Attenuation` relates to the spread, or reach, of the light. Lower levels only illuminate close **Objects**, whereas high levels allow the light to reach **Objects** that are further away.

![](/files/kR5LIl51wlCMtuaHBqtJ)

### Radial Falloff

`Radial Falloff` is used to change the smoothness of the light falloff. Lower levels will give a smoother transition between light and dark areas, but will be darker overall. Higher levels give a more contrasting light-to-dark transition and will appear comparatively brighter.

This **Attribute** is only available on the **Spot Light Object**.

![](/files/v1a5hJJP9YsHVTgtWJmt)

## Shadow Mapping

**Shadow Mapping** is a method of approximating shadows in real-time. **Shadow Mapping** takes the depth and normal passes of the **Scene** from the perspective of the **Spot Light** or **Directional Light**, calculates which areas are occluded, and projects the shadow map onto the **Scene**.

There is no 'one size fits all' setup for **Shadow Mapping**. It is invariably a matter of tweaking and adjusting to achieve the desired visual result for your **Scene**, as well as meeting the *performance* requirements of your **Project**.

### Enable

**Shadow Mapping** can be turned off/on using the `Enable` switch. Whether or not you use this effect often comes down to performance. If you are having performance issues, then you should consider removing the effect, or adjusting the other settings.

### Resolution

`Resolution` alters the size of the shadow map. Just like with normal *2D* textures, higher resolutions produce better quality, at the cost of increasing processing time and file size.

![](/files/metQkcqxdeXcPdQi00HX)

### Kernel Size

`Kernel Size` relates to the size of each sampled area during the calculation. It affects the smoothness of the shadow map. Lower levels give crisp, but jagged, shadows; higher levels give smoother, but less defined results.

Increased `Kernel Size` may help improve results that suffer from *shadow acne* or reduce artifacts in cases where the shadow map `Resolution` is low.

![](/files/a6taTBHcNOK2Y1N0fjr6)

### Clip Near

As stated above, **Shadow Mapping** takes passes from the **Light's** perspective. Like the `Clip Near` **Attribute** of **Camera**, everything within the defined distance isn't rendered and is therefore excluded from those passes and the **Shadow Mapping** algorithm.

![](/files/K1eWDmnYGYyxjCb6yLyz)

### Offset

`Offset` offsets the depth of the shadow map and can improve its appearance by reducing *shadow acne*. It is recommended that you increase this value by very small increments (0.0001), until you get an acceptable reduction in artifacts.

Due to the effect `Offset` has on the **Shadow Mapping** algorithm, higher values can cause shadows to appear to become disconnected from the geometry that casts them.

![](/files/Vx0SHCrP7rkcndy0NR70)